Estonia’s population could drop below 700,000 by 2100
Estonia’s population could shrink to below 700,000 by the end of the century if today’s low birth rate continues and migration remains balanced, according to a new demographic report by researchers from Tallinn University and the University of Tartu.
The report, In Search of Sustainability: Estonian Population Reproduction and Policy Recommendations, was unveiled on 25 May at a demographic conference organised by the Principles Think Tank. Its authors – Mare Ainsaar, Mark Gortfelder, Martin Klesment and Allan Puur – warn that Estonia has entered a period in which unusually small birth cohorts are no longer a temporary crisis effect, but a new demographic reality.
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5/25/2026 2:44:00 AM